Deye SUN-12K-SG01HP3-EU-AM2 (12 kW) - three-phase hybrid inverter, high-voltage battery

Twelve kilowatts across three phases: who this point suits

Four kilowatts per phase is the size for a fully equipped three-phase house: a heat pump or an electric boiler as backup heating, a borehole, several air conditioners, an induction kitchen, a workshop with power tools. The commercial equivalent is the same: light manufacturing, a coffee bar with several machines, a service station, a shop with freezer rooms. Twelve kilowatts also get chosen when ten are no longer enough for the peak load, while fifteen would mean paying for headroom that never gets used. What really decides the HP3 version is your storage plan: from 20 kWh upward a high-voltage battery of 160 to 700 V gives a compact power path — 37 A of current, 6 mm² cable — which the low-voltage architecture cannot match at the same rating. Low-voltage 48 V modules such as SE-F, SE-G or RW-F cannot be connected to this model: it needs high-voltage cabinets plus the Deye HVB750V/100A control box (item 2099).

A full-load threshold of 340 V: what it means for strings

Besides the general MPPT window of 150 to 850 V, the datasheet separately states the range at full load: 340 to 850 V. The distinction is fundamental: the inverter starts and runs from 180 V, but it will only draw its full twelve kilowatts from the array while string voltage exceeds 340 V. In practice that is nine to eleven modern modules in series, perfectly achievable even on a single slope of an average roof. This model's threshold is among the lowest in the HP3 line: the fifteen-kilowatt version needs 420 V, the twenty-kilowatt 500 V and the twenty-five-kilowatt 625 V, all of which demand noticeably longer rows of panels. Maximum input voltage is 1000 V and rated PV voltage 600 V; when sizing a string, check open-circuit voltage in frost, because it rises by 10 to 15 %.

An array of up to 15.6 kW on two asymmetric trackers

The photovoltaic side consists of two MPPTs: the first accepts two strings at 26 A of operating current (short-circuit current up to 39 A), the second one string at 20 A (up to 30 A). The array is therefore divided roughly two to one, which suits a site with a main roof plus a smaller additional surface — a garage, a canopy, an extension. Up to 15 600 W of panels are permitted against the inverter's 12 kW rating, the 30 % oversizing intended for winter and overcast months. Tracking efficiency is 99.9 %, maximum efficiency 97.6 % and the European figure 97 %. A practical tip on layout: do not split equally sized groups between the 26 A and 20 A trackers — give the larger array to the first input, since that is the one with current headroom.

37 A of battery current: cluster voltage sets the power

Battery charge and discharge current is 37 A, lithium-ion only, across a 160 to 700 V range. Available power from storage equals current times voltage: at 340 V that is 12.6 kW, the inverter's full rating, while at 250 V only about 9 kW remains. So a bank is specified by voltage rather than capacity: seven or eight 51.2 V modules give 358 to 410 V and unlock the inverter completely — a BOS-G35 (item 1957) at 358.4 V system voltage, for instance, or a BOS-G40 (item 1958) at 409.6 V. The 2099 control box is mandatory in every configuration: it operates from 120 to 750 V, carries 100 A nominal and governs how the cluster connects. Usable cabinet capacity is about 10 % below nominal at 90 % depth of discharge, which is worth allowing for when calculating hours of autonomy.

80 A of transit per phase: the whole house through the inverter

Maximum grid input current is 80 A per phase, over 50 kW of pass-through, so the inverter does not limit household consumption while the grid is up. That allows the entire service to be routed through it: during an outage the site transfers completely, with no split between critical and non-critical groups, which is simpler to install and more comfortable for the occupants. Rated output current is 18.2 A per phase at 220 V and 17.4 A at 230 V with a 20 A maximum, so a 25 A per phase backup line covers the need with margin. Apparent power is 13 200 W, and in island mode the inverter holds one and a half times its rating — about 18 kW for ten seconds, enough for direct-on-line starting of a 5 to 6 kW three-phase motor. A generator input is provided, with adjustable charging current so the set is never pushed into overload.

Mounting, cooling, protection

The 408 by 638 by 237 mm housing at 30.5 kg is shared across the whole HP3 line up to 25 kW, so twelve kilowatts mount as easily as ten: two people, solid masonry, a rail fixed in advance. Cooling is intelligent with typical noise up to 55 dB, a good figure for 12 kW, though a spot next to a bedroom is still unsuitable. Protection is IP65, the operating range -40 to +60 °C with derating above +45 °C, mounting is on the wall and the PV side uses MC4 connectors. The protection set is standard for a hybrid: earth-fault monitoring, grid monitoring, DC reverse-polarity protection, short-circuit protection and an all-pole sensitive residual current monitoring unit. The battery BMS link is RS485 or CAN with self-adaptation, and control comes from the display and the app.

How it differs from its neighbours in this catalogue

The direct alternative at the same rating but a different architecture is the SUN-12K-SG04LP3-EU (item 2054): a low-voltage 48 V battery, 240 A of current, a double peak instead of one and a half — but 36.8 kg of mass, 70 mm² cable and only 25 A of transit per phase. Within the HP3 line, the SUN-10K-SG01HP3-EU-AM2 (item 2067) has 40 A of transit and a 13 kW array, the SUN-15K-SG01HP3-EU-AM2 (item 2058) a 19.5 kW array and a 420 V full-load threshold, and the SUN-20K-SG01HP3-EU-AM2 (item 2070) symmetric 26+26 A trackers with a 26 kW array. Battery current is identical at 37 A across all of them, so differences in power available from storage come solely from your cluster voltage. If the planned storage is small, up to 15 kWh, and there are no three-phase motors, it is worth comparing against single-phase hybrids too: the SUN-12K-SG02LP1-EU-AM3 (item 2052) delivers the same 12 kW on one phase with a 48 V battery.

Tell us which high-voltage cabinet you plan and how many panels your roof holds, and we will check that the full twelve kilowatts can be reached from both the array and the battery.